Pardridge WM, Golden PL, Kang YS, Bickel U: Brain microvascular and astrocyte localization of P-glycoprotein. J Neurochem 1997, 68:1278–1285.PubMedCrossRef 10. Golden PL, Pardridge WM: P-glycoprotein on astrocyte foot processes of unfixed isolated human brain capillaries. Brain Res 1999, 819:143–146.PubMedCrossRef 11. Demeule M, Jodoin J, Gingras D, Béliveau R: P-glycoprotein is localized in see more caveolae in resistant cells and in brain capillaries. FEBS Lett 2000,
466:219–24.PubMedCrossRef 12. Kleihues P, Cavenee WK: World Health Organization classification of tumours. Pathology and genetics of tumours of the nervous system. 3rd edition. Lyon:IARC Press; 2000:107–110. 13. Virgintino D, Robertson D, Errede M, Benagiano V, Girolamo F, Maiorano E, Roncali L, Bertossi M: Expression of P-glycoprotein in human cerebral cortex Selleck C646 microvessels. J Histochem Cytochem 2002,50(12):1671–1676.PubMed 14. Ronaldson PT, Bendayan M, Gingras D, Piquette-Miller M, Bendayan R: Cellular localization and functional expression of
P-glycoprotein in rat astrocyte cultures. J Neurochem 2004, 89:788–800.PubMedCrossRef 15. Smart EJ, Ying YS, Mineo C, Anderson RG: A detergent-free method for purifying caveolae membrane from tissue culture cells. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1995, 92:10104–10108.PubMedCrossRef 16. Ahmed SN, Brown DA, London E: On the origin of sphingolipid/cholesterol-rich detergent-insoluble cell membranes:physiological concentrations of cholesterol and sphingolipid induce formation of a detergent-insoluble, nearly liquid-ordered lipid phase in model membranes.
selleck chemical Biochemistry 1997, 36:10944–10953.PubMedCrossRef 17. Hansen CG, Nichols BJ: Exploring the caves: cavins, caveolins and caveolae. Trends Cell Biol 2010,20(4):177–86.PubMedCrossRef 18. Stan RV: Structure of caveolae. Biochim Biophys Acta 2005,1746(3):334–348.PubMedCrossRef 19. Lavie Y, Liscovitch M: Changes in lipid and protein constituents of rafts and caveolae in multidrug resistant cancer cells and their functional consequences. Glycoconj J 2000,17(3–4):253–259.PubMedCrossRef 20. Barakat S, Turcotte S, Demeule M, Lachambre MP, Régina A, Baggetto LG, Béliveau R: Regulation of brain endothelial cells migration and angiogenesis by P-glycoprotein/caveolin-1 interaction. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2008,372(3):440–6.PubMedCrossRef 21. Schlachetzki F, Pardridge WM: P-glycoprotein and caveolin-1α in endothelium and astrocytes of primate brain. Neuroreport 2003,14(16):2041–2046.PubMedCrossRef Competing interests The authors declare that they have no competing interests. Authors’ contributions ZG collected the clinical datas and samples, participated in the immunohistochemistry and drafted the manuscript. JZ carried out the immunohistochemistry. LZ performed the statistical analysis. QL participated in the design of the study. XJ conceived of the study, and participated in its design and coordination. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.