001, p = 0.011 and 0.013, respectively), while zolpidem, triazolam, flunitrazepam, and nitrazepam did not show any difference (p = 0.315, 0.416, 0.327, and 0.446, respectively) (Table 2). Table 1 Relationship between

fall frequency and selected variables in hospitalized patients Variable All inpatients (% of total) Falls (% of total) Non-falls (% of total) Multivariate adjusteda p value OR (95 % CI) Sex  Male 1,965 (53.4) 67 (1.8) 1,898 (51.5)   Mocetinostat      Female 1,718 (46.6) 49 (1.3) 1,669 (45.3) 0.95 (0.63–1.43) 0.806  Total 3,683 (100)           Age       1.02 (1.01–1.04) 0.001 Hypnotics 1,306 (35.5) 92 (2.5) 1,214 (33.0) 2.17 (1.44–3.28) <0.001 Antiepileptics 108 (2.9) BMS202 mouse 17 (0.5) 91 (2.5) 5.06 (2.70–9.46) <0.001 Opioids 163 (4.4) 22 (0.6) 141 (3.8) 3.91 (2.16–7.10) <0.001 Anti-Alzheimer’s 15 (0.4) 6 (0.2) 9 (0.2) 5.74 (1.62–20.3) 0.007 Anti-Parkinson’s 27 (0.7) 6 (0.2) 21 (0.6) 5.06 (1.58–16.2) 0.006 Antipsychotics 327 (8.9) 33

(0.9) 294 (8.0) 1.34 (0.79–2.26) 0.273 Antidiabetics 111 (3.0) 15 (0.4) 96 (2.6) 3.08 (1.63–5.84) <0.001 Antihypertensives 382 (10.4) 35 (1.0) 347 (9.4) 2.24 (1.41–3.56) <0.001 Anti-arrhythmics 82 (2.2) 11 (0.3) 71 (1.9) 2.82 (1.36–5.83) 0.005 aAdjusted for use of diuretics and anticoagulants CI confidence interval, OR odds ratio Table 2 Relationship between hypnotics and selected variables of fall frequency in hospitalized patients Variable All inpatients (% of total) Falls (% of total) Non-falls (% of total) Multivariate adjusteda p value OR (95 % CI) Age       1.02 (1.01–1.04) 0.002 Hypnotics  Zolpidem 382 (10.4) 11 (0.3) 371 (10.1) 0.698 (0.35–1.41) 0.315  Brotizolam 696 (18.9) 52 (1.4) 644 (17.5) 2.436 (1.61–3.68) <0.001  Zopiclone 40 (1.1) 8 (0.2) 32 (0.9) 3.773 (1.36–10.4) 0.011  Triazolam 82 (2.2) (-)-p-Bromotetramisole Oxalate 7 (0.2) 75 (2.0) 1.466 (0.58–3.68) 0.416

 Flunitrazepam 46 (1.2) 4 (0.1) 42 (1.1) 1.758 (0.57–5.44) 0.327  Nitrazepam 29 (0.8) 5 (0.1) 24 (0.7) 1.656 (0.45–6.07) 0.446  Estazolam 31 (0.8) 5 (0.1) 26 (0.7) 4.027 (1.35–12.1) 0.013 Antiepileptics 108 (2.9) 17 (0.5) 91 (2.5) 4.594 (2.43–8.70) <0.001 Opioids 163 (4.4) 22 (0.6) 141 (3.8) 4.622 (2.66–8.03) <0.001 Anti-Alzheimer’s 15 (0.4) 6 (0.2) 9 (0.2) 5.386 (1.45–20.1) 0.012 Anti-Parkinson’s 27 (0.7) 6 (0.2) 21 (0.6) 4.707 (1.34–16.5) 0.016 Antidiabetics 111 (3.0) 15 (0.4) 96 (2.6) 3.101 (1.64–5.88) <0.001 Antihypertensives 382 (10.4) 35 (1.0) 347 (9.4) 2.175 (1.36–3.48) 0.001 Anti-arrhythmics 82 (2.2) 11 (0.3) 71 (1.9) 2.948 (1.42–6.14) 0.006 aAdjusted for use of diuretics and anticoagulants CI confidence interval, OR odds ratio 5 Discussion Risk factors for falls have been reported [43, 44] to include age, sensorial impairments, various pathologies (e.g.