05). During pneumonia, an increased plasma SP-D level was detected in 60% of LTRs and this was DAPT concentration further associated with a significantly higher risk for the patients to develop stage III bronchiolitis obliterans

syndrome (BOS III) or to die within the subsequent 6months after pneumonia (P=0.0093). All patients with a plasma SP-D level of >300ng/mL during pneumonia developed BOS III and/or died within 6months of follow-up (P=0.001). The determination of SP-D levels in plasma during pneumonia in LTRs may be of prognostic value and warrants further evaluation.”
“Objective-To estimate contact rates and movement variables for shipments of beef cattle to and from producer premises in California.

Design-Cross-sectional survey.

Sample Population-583 beef producers in California.

Procedures-Questionnaires were developed and distributed to beef cattle producers in California. The study period was from April 20, 2005, through September 7, 2006. Data from completed questionnaires were entered manually into an electronic GDC-0973 ic50 format. Descriptive statistical analyses were performed.

Results-Median number of interstate animal movements (movement of cattle into or out of California) was 0.17/mo; on the basis of this median, beef cattle were moved interstate > 2 times/y. Respondents kept beef cattle at up to 5

locations throughout the year. More than 40% of the movements from the respondents’

premises were to a sale yard or auction facility.

Conclusions and Clinical Relevance-Frequency of animal movements in this statewide study differed from values in another study of monthly shipments of animals to and from beef operations in 3 counties see more of California. The survey reported here revealed more frequent movements of animals to and from beef operations of all sizes. In addition, there were more high-risk indirect contacts on beef operations than has been reported previously. However, the number of low-risk indirect contacts was similar for small beef operations but less for large beef operations than has been reported elsewhere. Epidemic simulation models for California based on data in earlier studies likely underpredicted disease transmission involving beef herds. (J Am Vet Med Assoc 2009;235:573-579)”
“The chemical composition of the essential oil of Petasites albus (known as ‘Baba Adam’ in Iran) was investigated by capillary gas chromatography and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry for the first time. Twenty components were identified, accounting for 99.7% of the oil composition. The major compounds were euparin (73%), alpha-eudesmol (13.2%) and beta-selinene (4.5%). Euparin, the main component of the essential oil, was isolated and characterised by spectroscopic techniques.