Animals inoculated with PBS did not show any histological changes neither at 4th (Figure 1C-III) nor at 8th (Figure 1C-VI) weeks PI. At 4th week, the CD207+ cellular density in the skin lesion of BALB/c mice infected with L. (L.) amazonensis (2111·89 cell/mm2) was higher (P < 0·05) than that found in the animals infected

with L. (V.) braziliensis (1107·03 cell/mm2) and in the control group (1004·03 cell/mm2) (Figure 2a). At 8th week, Dorsomorphin in vitro however, the CD207+ cellular density showed a reverse profile; it increased significantly in the L. (V.) braziliensis infection (2240·62 cell/mm2) and was higher (P < 0·05) than that in the L. (L.) amazonensis infection (824·59 cell/mm2), which decreased with the evolution of infection. A similar profile was found in the CD11c+ cellular density; at 4th week, it was higher (P < 0·05) in the skin lesion of mice infected with L. (L.) amazonensis (102·96 cells/mm2) compared with those infected with L. (V.) braziliensis (20·43 cell/mm2) and in the control RG7420 clinical trial group (3·29 cell/mm2) (Figure 2b). At 8th week, however, the CD11c+ cellular density also showed a reverse profile; it increased significantly in the L. (V.) braziliensis infection (120·24 cell/mm2) and was higher (P < 0·05) than that found in the L. (L.) amazonensis infection (20·43 cell/mm2), which also decreased

with the evolution of infection. At the 4th week of infection,

the CD4+ cellular density in the skin lesion of BALB/c mice infected with L. (L.) amazonensis (603·01 cell/mm2) was higher (P < 0·05) than that found in mice infected with L. (V.) braziliensis (19·79 cell/mm2) and in the control group (33·62 cell/mm2). At 8th week, however, the CD4+ cellular density showed an expressive increase in the L. (V.) braziliensis infection (855·43 cell/mm2), but it was not higher (P > 0·05) than that caused by L. (L.) amazonensis (658·86 cell/mm2) (Figure 2c). Regarding the CD8+ cellular density, at 4th weeks PI, a higher (P < 0·05) expression in the skin lesion of BALB/c mice infected with L. (L.) amazonensis Farnesyltransferase (44·11 cell/mm2) than that in mice infected with L. (V.) braziliensis (5·28 cells/mm2), and in the control group (4·71 cell/mm2) was noted (Figure 2d). In addition, at 8th weeks PI, an important reverse profile of the CD8+ cellular density was observed; there was a significant increase in the L. (V.) braziliensis infection (286·73 cell/mm2), which was higher than in the L. (L.) amazonensis infection (15·55 cell/mm2), and in the control group (4·71 cell/mm2). There was also a significant decrease in the CD8+ cellular density in the L. (L.) amazonensis infection in the interval between the 4th (44·11 cell/mm2) and the 8th weeks (15·55 cell/mm2). Regarding the iNOS+ cellular density, there was a significant increase (P < 0·05) in the L. (V.