EX + HP group presented significantly higher Nutlin3a values than did the EX + SD and EX groups. *P < 0.05: Different from the EX + HP group. Figure 2 Concentrations of skeletal muscle malondialdehyde (MDA) levels in standard diet (SD), exercise (EX), exercise plus standard diet for 72 hours (EX + SD), and exercise plus standard diet supplemented with buy JQ1 hydrolyzed protein (2 g/kg/d) for 72 hours (EX + HP). SD, EX and EX + HP groups presented significantly lower values than did the EX + SD group. *P < 0.05: Different from the EX + SD group. Figure 3 Concentrations of skeletal muscle protein carbonyl (PC)

levels in standard diet (SD), exercise (EX), exercise plus standard diet for 72 hours (EX + SD), and exercise plus standard diet supplemented with hydrolyzed protein (2 g/kg/d) for 72 hours (EX + HP). EX + HP group presented significantly lower values than did the EX and EX + SD groups. EX + SD group presented significantly higher values than did the SD group.* P < 0.001: Different from the EX and EX + SD groups. # P < 0.001: Different from the SD group. Plasma concentrations of amino acids The plasma levels of leucine, methionine, phenylalanine, histidine, threonine, arginine, lysine, glycine, valine, GSK872 order serine and cysteine were significantly higher following exercise, compared with SD group (p < 0.05, Table 1). Conversely, the plasma concentration of isoleucine significantly declined in EX + SD during

the 72 hours recovery period, compared with groups SD and EX (P < 0.001). Meanwhile, the concentrations of leucine (P = 0.049), isoleucine (P < 0.01) and methionine (P = 0.046) were significantly increased in group EX + HP, compared with group EX + SD. Moreover, there were significant positive correlations between total protein content and leucine (r = 0.993, P < 0.001),

isoleucine (r = 0.945, P = 0.004) and methionine (r = 0.902, P = 0.014) levels. Furthermore, significant negative correlation was found between plasma methionine concentration and MDA levels (r = 0.59, P = 0.02) (Table 1). Table 1 The concentrations of plasma free amino acids (AA) of the rats among the standard diet group (SD), exercise group (EX), exercise plus standard diet for 72 h Pyruvate dehydrogenase lipoamide kinase isozyme 1 group (EX + SD), and exercise plus standard diet supplemented with hydrolyzed protein (2 g/kg/d) for 72 h group (EX + HP) AA (uM) SD EX EX + SD EX + HP Aspartic acid 0.146 ± 0.150 0.204 ± 0.061 0.141 ± 0.026 0.127 ± 0.140 Glutamate 0.398 ± 0.126 0.399 ± 0.114 0.283 ± 0.050 0.303 ± 0.036 Serine 0.764 ± 0.131 1.499 ± 0.221* 0.861 ± 0.285 0.938 ± 0.177 Glycine 0.960 ± 0.292 1.815 ± 0.176* 1.037 ± 0.298 1.112 ± 0.359 Histidine 0.259 ± 0.041 0.519 ± 0.033* 0.241 ± 0.057 0.263 ± 0.032 Threonine 0.894 ± 0.298 2.398 ± 0.405* 0.668 ± 0.148 1.239 ± 0.708 Alanine 2.092 ± 0.372 2.167 ± 0.343 1.651 ± 0.403 1.990 ± 0.356 Arginine 0.578 ± 0.101 0.924 ± 0.071* 0.509 ± 0.122 0.539 ± 0.183 Proline 0.835 ± 0.271 1.035 ± 0.077 0.601 ± 0.030 0.754 ± 0.199 Tyrosine 0.144 ± 0.038 0.177 ± 0.252 0.