Further the linear temperature dependence of the critical current (I-c) and the well defined Fraunhofer-type pattern of I-c versus the applied magnetic field, rules out any flux flow behavior and firmly establishes Josephson effect in the constant

thickness nanoconstriction type junction. The temperature dependence of I-c is again linear in the variable thickness bridge. However the magnetic field dependence of I-c did not show Fraunhofer-type pattern, possibly due to averaging effects. We believe that the observed low field dependence of I-c in these nanobridges allows one to tune the Josephson energy by small applied fields, making these nanojunctions useful for quantum applications like qubits. (C) 2010 American Institute of Physics. [doi: 10.1063/1.3481425]“
“Objective. JAK inhibition selleck products Our hypothesis is that increased apoptosis

in synovium might contribute to temporomandibular joint (TMJ) degeneration. To investigate this, we measured soluble Fas (sFas) and nuclear matrix protein (NMP) levels in TMJ synovial fluid from patients with disc displacement without reduction as indicators of apoptosis in the synovium.

Patients and methods. Synovial fluid was obtained from 17 joints in 17 patients (11 female, 6 male; mean age, 31.5 +/- 11.9 years; range, 19 to 55). Patients were referred to our clinic because of limited mouth opening, joint sounds, or TMJ pain. Synovial fluid obtained by arthrocentesis for therapeutic reasons was analyzed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays for APO-1/Fas and cell death detection (NMP).

Results. We studied 12 left (71%) and 5 right (29%) joints with disc displacement without reduction. The chief complaint was pain on the affected side and limited mouth opening. Only 2 patients had a click in the affected DZNeP chemical structure joint, whereas 14 reported pain and 17 had the limited mouth opening. All patients

experienced a significant (P<.01) increase in maximal mouth opening immediately after arthrocentesis. Mean sFas and NMP levels were 484.9 +/- 466.7 pg/mL (range, 17 to 1501) and 29.2 +/- 13.7 U/mL (range, 8 to 52.8) respectively.

Conclusion. Considering reports that increased sFas blocks apoptosis by inhibiting binding of FasL to Fas on the cell membrane, low level of sFas in our patients’ synovial fluid (compared with amounts reported in joint inflammation or degeneration) suggests vulnerability to apoptosis in patients with internal derangement. (Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod 2009;108:693-698)”
“We have determined “”effective”" Bethe coefficients and the mean excitation energy of stopping theory (I-value) for multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) and single-walled carbon nanotube (SWCNT) bundles based on a sum-rule constrained optical-data model energy loss function with improved asymptotic properties. Noticeable differences between MWCNTs, SWCNT bundles, and the three allotropes of carbon (diamond, graphite, glassy carbon) are found.