METHODS AND RESULTS: A total
of 788 patients with relatively normal baseline serum creatinine (< 1.5 mg/dL) undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention were prospectively enrolled and divided into a hyperuricemic group (n = 211) and a normouricemic group (n = 577). Hyperuricemia is defined as a serum uric acid level > 7 mg/dL in males and > 6 mg/dL in females. The incidence of contrast-induced acute kidney injury was significantly higher in the hyperuricemic group than in the normouricemic group (8.1% vs. 1.4%, p < 0.001). In-hospital mortality and the need for renal replacement therapy were significantly higher in the hyperuricemic group. According to a multivariate analysis (adjusting for potential confounding factors) the odds ratio for contrast-induced acute AZD6738 manufacturer kidney injury in the hyperuricemic group was 5.38 (95% confidence interval,
1.99-14.58; p = 0.001) compared with the normouricemic group. The other risk factors for contrast-induced acute kidney injury included age > 75 years, emergent percutaneous coronary intervention, diuretic usage and the need for an intra-aortic balloon pump.
CONCLUSION: Hyperuricemia was significantly associated with the risk of contrast-induced acute kidney injury in patients with relatively normal serum creatinine after percutaneous coronary interventions. This observation will help to generate hypotheses for further prospective trials examining the effect of uric acid-lowering therapies for preventing contrast-induced acute kidney injury.”
“In organic food industry no chemical additives can be used to prevent microbial spoilage. Selleck eFT508 As a consequence, the essential oils (EOs) obtained from aromatic herbs and spices are gaining interest for their potential as preservatives.
The EOs of Thymus zygis, Thymus mastichina, Thymus capitatus and Thymus vulgaris obtained from organic growth, were chemically analyzed and identified by GC and GC-MS, while the agar disk diffusion and microdilution assays were used to determine their antibacterial activity. In T. mastichina EO the major compound was 1,8-cineole (51.94%) whilst in T. zygis EO the main constituent was thymol (48.59%). T. capitatus EO was AZD4547 mw characterized by high content in carvacrol (69.83%). Finally, T. vulgaris EO had a high content of linaool (44.00%).
The agar disk diffusion assay, T. zygis and T. capitatus EOs showed inhibitory effects against the ten tested bacteria, while T. matichina and T. vulgaris had inhibitory effects against eight and seven tested bacteria, respectively. T. zygis and T. capitatus EOs had higher inhibition halos against all tested bacteria, at higher concentration (40 mu L), than T. matichina and T. vulgaris EOs. The microdilution assay, T. mastichina EO had a MIC values ranging between 3.75 and 7.5 mu L/mL. Whilst in the case of T. zygis, T. capitatus and T. vulgaris EOs the MIC values ranged between 1.87 and 7.