Study design. Fifty-five consecutive patients requiring maxillary orthognathic surgery were included in this study. The plan for digital model surgery (DMS) was dictated by the surgical plans for each clinical case. see more We carried out digital model

mounting, DMS, wafer printing, and confirmation of the accuracy of the procedure.

Results. Moving the reference points to the target position in DMS involved a mean error of 0.00-0.09 mm. The mean errors confirmed by the model remounting procedure with the printed wafer by DMS were 0.18-0.40 mm (for successful cases; n = 42) and 0.03-1.04 mm (for poor cases; n = 3).

Conclusion. The accuracies of the wafers by DMS were similar to those for wafers produced by manual model surgery, although they were less accurate than those produced by DMS alone. The rapid-prototyped interocclusal wafer produced with the aid of DMS can be an alternative procedure for maxillary orthognathic surgery. (Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod 2011;111:278-285)”
“Various N-acyl chitosans with propionyl-, hexanoyl-, nonanoyl-, lauroyl-, pentadecanoyl-, and stearoyl-groups were synthesized and self-aggregated N-acyl chitosan nanoparticles (CSNPs) were prepared by sonication. By the modification with N-acyl groups, CSNPs increased their

hydrophobic character and changed its structural PARP assay features to be more suitable as a delivery carrier. The mean diameters of bovine serum albumin (BSA)-loaded N-acyl CSNPs ranged from 138 to 551 nm. Uniform particle size distribution of BSA-loaded N-acyl CSNPs was observed. The protein loading efficiency of N-acyl CSNPs was about 9495% with lower BSA concentration (0.1 mg/mL) and not significantly different with acyl chain length. With higher BSA concentration (1.0 mg/mL), however, the highest

protein loading efficiency was observed with lauroyl and pentadecanoyl CSNPs. The results suggest that lauroyl and pentadecanoyl CSs are interesting candidates for protein delivery system. (C) 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2012″
“Optical properties of homeotropically LY2835219 cost aligned flexoelectric nematic layers deformed by dc electric fields were analyzed by calculating the phase difference DU between ordinary and extraordinary light rays passing through a layer placed between crossed polarizers. A phase difference arises when the bias voltage U exceeds the threshold value UT. Close to the threshold, DU increases linearly with U. The possibility of using this effect to detect the flexoelectric properties of the nematic was explored by simulated experiments. The method considered in this paper is based on measurement of the slope of the linear section of the voltage dependence of DU, which depends on the sum of the flexoelectric coefficients and which differs from a well-known theoretical slope that ignores flexoelectric properties. The difference between the slopes reveals the flexoelectric properties of the nematic.