Results: Overall, the change in lipids was relatively small [<= 5% except for Lp(a), which was 20-25%], and there was no significant difference in the mean change of any lipid variable between the active and placebo groups.

Conclusions: Our results indicate that CaD supplementation is not associated with lipid changes over 5 y. Existing and future CaD trials should

consider evaluating this association for different doses of supplements. This study was registered Selleck DAPT at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT00000611. Am J Clin Nutr 2010; 91: 894-9.”
“Background and Aim: The aim of the present work was to evaluate the relationship between energy-generating nutrients and the presence of central and overall obesity after correcting for socio-demographic, lifestyle and clinical characteristics, among healthy elders. Methods and Results: During 2005e2007, 553 elderly men and 637 elderly women (mean age 74 +/- 7 years) from eight Mediterranean islands in Greece and Cyprus, were enrolled. The retrieved information included demographic, bio-clinical and dietary characteristics. MedDiet-Score assessed adherence CHIR-99021 PI3K/Akt/mTOR inhibitor to the Mediterranean dietary pattern.

The prevalence of obesity was 27% in males and 39% in females (p < 0.001), while 73% of males and 87% of females had central

obesity. The prevalence of diabetes, hypercholesterolemia and hypertension was higher in the obese than in the non-obese participants (p < 0.01). After adjusting for various confounders, a 1% increase in carbohydrate consumption was associated with a 12% (95% CI 0.78-0.99) lower likelihood of having central obesity, while a 1% increase in carbohydrate

and protein consumption was associated with a 14% (95% CI 0.78-0.95) and 16% (95% CI 0.72-0.97) lower likelihood of being obese, respectively. Vegetable protein was found to be associated Adriamycin in vitro with a 15% (95% CI 0.77-0.93) lower likelihood of being obese while, only low glycemic index carbohydrates seem to be associated with a 6% (95% CI 0.90-0.98) lower likelihood of having central obesity.

Conclusions: The presented findings suggest that a diet high in carbohydrates and vegetable protein is associated with a lower likelihood of being obese and may help elderly people to preserve normal weight. (C) 2009 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.”
“With Fe compensation, the heavy rare earth element Gd-filled Gd(y)Fe(x)Co(4-x)Sb(12) (x < 2) skutterudites have been successfully synthesized by melting-annealing approach. Fe substitution on the Co site brings two contrary effects on Gd filling: charge compensation which enhances the filling fraction of Gd, and Lattice expansion which is deleterious for the stability of filled compounds that contain smaller atoms. When Fe content is less than 1.7, pure Gd(y)Fe(x)Co(4-x)Sb(12) compounds are obtained and the Gd maximum filling fraction (y(max)) increases with Fe content. The power factor (S(2)sigma) of the Gd(y)Fe(x)Co(4-x)Sb(12) increases with Fe content.

However, even the widespread used nitrate solution can cause a chemical conjunctivitis, arguing against its widespread use.

Conclusions. aEuro

integral Fusidic acid is a relatively new promising therapy even if there are still few data about its use. None of the used regimens has the optimal risk-benefit profile to suggest a widespread use.”
“OBJECTIVES: National trends in cardiac surgery show a shift towards a higher preoperative risk profile and factors that might also be expected to increase the risk of postoperative infective complications. We document the changing patient demographics in the first 15 years of a new cardiac surgery unit and examine the impact of these and other changes in estate, staffing and clinical protocols, on the risks of common postoperative infections.

METHODS: selleck compound Data recorded included patient age, sex and body mass index, type and number of operations, logistic EuroSCORE, mortality rate, urgency of operation, reoperation rate, requirement for intra-aortic balloon pump, incidence of diabetes and the incidence of common postoperative infections.

RESULTS: A total of 8449 cardiac operations were undertaken. The mean patient age increased from 62.71 Ro-3306 chemical structure to 65.82 years; procedural complexity increased with the proportion of isolated coronary artery bypass procedures

falling from 72.8 to 54%; there were increases in the urgency of operation (11.3-26.9%), average patient CP868596 body mass index (27.01-28.67), the incidence of diabetes (12.3-21.2%), logistic EuroSCORE (5.36-7.74) and intra-aortic balloon pump usage (6.4-15.6%). The incidence of superficial sternal infection reduced (3.9-1.4%); other wound infection rates were low and showed no overall trend with time. Urinary tract infection varied between 0 and 1.7%, but did show a significant increase over the last 3 years (P < 0.01).

CONCLUSIONS: This study demonstrates a change in the patient profile, yet despite an increase in infection risk factors, no increase in actual infection rates. The importance of non-patient factors in influencing

the outcomes after cardiac surgery is discussed.”
“Segmentation of anatomical structures from medical images is a challenging problem, which depends on the accurate recognition (localization) of anatomical structures prior to delineation. This study generalizes anatomy segmentation problem via attacking two major challenges: 1) automatically locating anatomical structures without doing search or optimization, and 2) automatically delineating the anatomical structures based on the located model assembly. For 1), we propose intensity weighted ball-scale object extraction concept to build a hierarchical transfer function from image space to object (shape) space such that anatomical structures in 3-D medical images can be recognized without the need to perform search or optimization.

Mean correction of kyphosis was 38A degrees (range, 25A degrees-49A degrees) with CWO, 28A degrees with OWO (range, 24A degrees-38A degrees)

and 30A degrees with PWO (range, 28A degrees-40A degrees). In comparison to preoperative scores, statistically significant improvement was noted in all three groups in the postoperative period with regard to ODI, VAS and SRS-22 (p = 0.001, Wilcoxon signed-rank test).

Better radiographic correction was noted in the CWO and PWO groups, although this was associated with increased blood loss, multiple levels of instrumentation, and increased surgical time compared to OWO. A new safe technique of instrumentation Doramapimod using temporary malleable rods to prevent sagittal translation during the reduction manoeuvre is also described.”
“Fractionated carbon dioxide (CO2) laser resurfacing is an effective treatment of skin aging. Several studies investigated the morphologic changes due to this laser treatment by using skin biopsies or animal model. Recently, reflectance confocal microscopy (RCM) has emerged as a new tool that can “”optically”" scan the skin in vivo with a nearly histologic resolution and in a totally noninvasive modality. Our study aims to analyze the skin changes following the ablative fractional CO2 laser sessions by using RCM. Ten

patients were subjected to ablative fractional CO2 laser sessions for skin aging. Confocal microscopic images were acquired at baseline (w0), 3 weeks (w3), 6 weeks (w6), and 12 weeks (w12) after laser session. Previously identified confocal parameters were used to assess the Ricolinostat manufacturer skin aging at baseline and after treatment. At w3, the epidermis showed a complete disappearance of the mottled pigmentation upon RCM along with the presence of few Langherans’ cells. The collagen type as seen upon RCM observed at baseline was replaced by a newly formed collagen type of long, bright and straight fibers (collagen remodeling). These fibers were parallel arranged and observed AZD1390 in vivo throughout the entire RCM mosaic. At w6 and w12 the confocal aspects of the skin was unchanged compared to w3. RCM confirmed the presence of

an intense collagen remodeling following laser resurfacing. In line with previous studies, this collagen showed a peculiar arrangement and distribution. The collagen remodeling was still present after 3 months and confirms the long-term effect of the treatment. This is the first time that the skin can be analyzed in vivo at patient’s bedside. In the near future, RCM can be an essential adjunct for Clinicians to measure the effects of laser treatment and possibly to gain new insights into the development of side effects.”
“The chemical composition of the essential oils from leaves and stems of Psidium guajava, grown in Tunisia were determined by gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry GC-MS. Twenty-one compounds were determined. The major compounds identified in the oil of the stems were a-humulene (10.93%), Germacrene D(16.79%) and Valerenol (10.

The growth, water use, ionic composition, photosynthesis, and chlorophyll fluorescence were measured. Both high Na+ and high Cl- reduced growth of faba bean but plants were more sensitive to Cl- than to Na+. The reductions in growth and photosynthesis were greater under NaCl stress and the effect was mainly additive. An important difference to previous hydroponic studies was that increasing the concentrations of NaCl in the soil increased the concentration of Cl- more than the concentration of

Na+. The data showed that salinity caused by high concentrations of NaCl can reduce growth by the accumulation of high concentrations of both Na+ and Cl- simultaneously, but the effects of the two ions may differ. High Cl- concentration reduces the photosynthetic capacity and quantum yield due to chlorophyll degradation which may result from a structural buy THZ1 impact of high Cl- concentration on PSII. High Na+ interferes with K+ and Ca2+ nutrition and disturbs efficient stomatal regulation which results in a depression of photosynthesis and growth. These results suggest that the importance of Cl- toxicity as a cause of reductions in growth and yield under salinity

stress may have been underestimated.”
“The interactions of a commercial soy protein selleck kinase inhibitor isolate (SPI) and a 2:1 SPI:high methoxy pectin (PEC) complex were evaluated over a range of pH values (3-7). The SPI formed very large (>50 mu m) and largely insoluble aggregates (<10%) close to its isoelectric point (IEP, pH 4 and 5) and smaller, more soluble (>80%) particles at higher and lower pH values. The addition of PEC

increased the solubility of SPI close to its IEP (pH 4 and 5) and prevented the formation of very large aggregates. However. PEC reduced the solubility of check details SPI at higher and lower pH values presumably via a depletion mechanism. The zeta-potential of diluted SPI dispersions decreased from positive to negative with increasing pH, passing through zero at pH 4.6, the isoelectric point (IEP) of the protein. At pH <6, the addition of PEC reduced the charge of the protein suggesting the formation of a complex while at pH 6 or 7 there was no evidence of complex formation. The increased SPI solubility in the IEP in the presence of PEC is probably due to the formation of charged complex which do not aggregate while the decreased solubility of protein in the presence at high and low PEC is probably due to the formation of insoluble complexes and a depletion interaction respectively. Thermal treatment (30 min, 90 degrees C) enhanced the solubility of the SPI:PEC complexes close to the IEP (pH 4 and 5), but reduces it at low pH (pH 3). The SPI: PEC complexes could be manufactured in the form of a beverage at pilot scale where their solubility was enhanced by homogenization.

C. elegans trim-9 mutants exhibit defects in the ventral guidance of hermaphrodite specific neuron (HSN) and the touch neuron AVM. Further genetic analyses indicate that TRIM-9 participates in the

UNC-6-UNC-40 attraction pathway. Asymmetric distribution of UNC-40 during HSN development is normal in trim-9 mutants. However, the asymmetric localization of MIG-10, a downstream effector of UNC-40, is abolished in trim-9 mutants. These results suggest that TRIM-9 functions upstream ACY-738 in vitro of MIG-10 in the UNC-40 pathway. Moreover, we showed that TRIM-9 exhibits E3 ubiquitin ligase activity in vitro and this activity is important for TRIM-9 function in vivo. Additionally, we found that Drosophila trim-9 is required for the midline attraction of a group of sensory neuron axons. Over-expression of the Netrin/UNC-6 receptor Frazzled suppresses the guidance defects in trim-9 mutants. Our study reveals an evolutionarily conserved function of TRIM-9 in the UNC-40/Frazzled-mediated UNC-6/Netrin

attraction pathway.”
“A die-rotating system was proposed in this work for moderations of extrusion forces and entrance pressure drop for molten polypropylene (PP) and wood/polypropylene (WPP) composites in a capillary rheometer and a single screw extruder. The effects of processing conditions and wood loading in PP were of our interests. The extrusion force and entrance pressure drop with and without the die rotating system were monitored in P005091 real-time. This was the first see more time that the die-rotating system

was used for processing of highly viscous wood/polymer composite materials. It was found that the flow properties of the molten PP and WPP composites obeyed pseudoplastic non-Newtonian behavior. The behavior was more obvious at wood contents of above 6 wt % and in the capillary rhemeter. The rotation of the die could moderate the extrusion load by 60% and entrance pressure drop by 20% in the capillary rheometer, and the entrance pressure drop by 30% in the single screw extruder, especially at the conditions where the viscosities of the WPP and the extrusion rate were high. Greater fluctuations in entrance pressure drop caused by die rotation were observed in the single screw extruder. (C) 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 120: 1006-1016, 2011″
“The commercial form of immobilized Candida antarctica lipase B (CALB), known as Novozym (R) 435, is a catalyst routinely used in enzymatic reactions. However, we observed a number of compounds migrated from this enzyme preparation into organic solvents and ionic liquids (ILs). These compounds were further identified by CC-MS analysis as a mixture of 17 substances, including 5 major components: glycerol, benzoic acid, 2-hydroxyethyl benzoate, 2-hydroxyethyl sorbate, and sorbic acid.

Perinatal outcomes were compared between the i.v.-PCA and the control groups. The numerical rating scale (NRS) levels during labor were also examined in the i.v.-PCA group. Additionally, parturients received fentanyl i.v.-PCA in 2010 (n=73) were asked about overall satisfaction using a scale poor, moderate, good and excellent on postpartum day 03. Results Women receiving i.v.-PCA

showed significantly longer labor and more need of oxytocin augmentation, compared with the control. Cesarean section was significantly less frequent in the i.v.-PCA group compared with the control (11.0% v.s. 24.1%, respectively), with the vacuum-assisted delivery rate comparable JQEZ5 chemical structure between groups. Neonatal outcomes (i.e. Apgar score <7 at 1min or 5min, umbilical artery pH <7.20) were comparable between groups, irrespective of mode of delivery. Significant reduction of NRS levels find more was noted until 3h after induction of i.v.-PCA, compared to the baseline. Of the women who expressed their satisfaction, 72% (48/67) exhibited excellent’ or good’ for pain relief by i.v.-PCA. Conclusion Fentanyl i.v.-PCA could be a useful approach for labor pain relief in nulliparas when regional blocks are unavailable.”
“Camptothecin (CPT), the derivatives of which are used clinically for the treatment of metastatic colon cancer, is isolated from intact plants that can be subjected to environmental fluctuations. In vitro cultures may be an alternate and continuous

source for year-round production of CPT. Since CPT production by undifferentiated cell cultures is low, differentiated tissues such as root cultures may be a viable alternate AG-881 source for CPT production. Hairy roots were induced in Ophiorriza rugosa, a source of CPT, using Agrobacterium rhizogenes strain LBA9402. The hairy roots, when cultured in light, showed spontaneous regeneration of shoots. Analysis of CPT levels in the hairy roots and in vitro-grown transformed shoots revealed 0.009% d.w. and 0.012% d.w., respectively.”
“Aim

To compare the efficacy and safety of high-dose intravenous oxytocin and sustained-release dinoprostone vaginal pessaries for cervical ripening and labor induction in pregnant patients at term with poor Bishop scores. Material and Methods Women at term with a Bishop score 4 and 6 were randomized into two groups to undergo induction of labor with either high-dose oxytocin administered intravenously (n=90) or dinoprostone-only vaginal pessary without oxytocin augmentation (n=90). The main outcome measures were rate of cesarean delivery, induction to delivery interval, number of deliveries achieved within 4, 8, 12, and 16h of labor induction, maternal complications during induction, fetal outcome, and total hospital stay. In this study, per-protocol analysis was performed. Results There were fewer cesarean deliveries with oxytocin compared to dinoprostone-only groups (7/79 vs 14/89); however, the difference was not statistically significant. The inductiondelivery intervals (7.9h vs 12.0h, P<0.

“
“Purpose of review

Gout is a true crystal deposition disease, extremely painful and bone and

tissue BAY 73-4506 in vivo damaging if untreated. It is the only curable form of arthritis. Although we have many treatments to cure gout, it is a disease that is consistently undertreated/mismanaged and perceived by clinicians and the lay public as a ‘laughable condition’ with the patients’ lifestyle often held erroneously to account. This article would give you a good understanding of modern and established pharmacological and nonpharmacological treatments used in the management of acute and chronic gout and how to ‘treat to target’ to cure the disease.

Recent findings

Many of the drugs we use to manage patients with gouty arthritis have been in existence since the 1970s and 1980s. In the past few years, because of the improved physiological understanding of gout,

new innovative treatments such as anti-IL inhibitors, a nonxanthine oxidase inhibitor and the uricase enzymes have been developed adding to our armamentarium of drugs.

Summary

With the introduction of new research, we have been able to explore how to also use established treatments more effectively, raising the profile of gout and its best management and introducing the principle FK228 of treating the patient to urate target.”
“Objective. To describe the surgical complication rate of open partial nephrectomy (OPN) in patients with renal tumours, and to report the oncological long-term outcome in unilateral AZD1480 renal cell cancer patients subjected to this procedure, from a medium patient volume urological centre. Material and methods. Data from all patients (n = 89) subjected to OPN for proven or suspected renal cell cancer during the period 1965-2007 were registered in a specifically designed database system. Tumour stage and size, surgical margin, histology, perioperative and postoperative complications

were analysed in all patients. In addition, long-term follow-up outcomes in malignant unilateral tumours (n = 51) were analysed. Results. Seventy-four of the resected tumours were malignant. Six of these had a positive surgical margin; five from patients with multifocal or bilateral tumours and one from a patient with a solitary malignant cyst. Perioperative complications were registered in only one case (1%). Postoperative complications (within 30 days postoperatively) reached 18%. The long-term follow-up (mean 79 months, median 49 months, range 14 months to 26 years) in patients with unilateral malignant tumours, all staged T1-T2, revealed two systemic recurrences, both in patients with poor prognostic markers at the time of surgery, but no local recurrence. Conclusions. OPN has complication rates similar to open radical nephrectomy. Long-term tumour control in unilateral cases and with organ confined disease is excellent.

Design: Qualitative, descriptive, nonexperimental study.

Setting: New York City (NYC) from February 2011 to March 2012.

Participants: Four pharmacists and nine clinicians.

Intervention: In-depth interviews.

Main outcome measures: Potential impact of the VPCP on pharmacist-clinician communication and potential barriers to use of the VPCP when comanaging PEP patients among pharmacists and clinicians.

Results: Pharmacists CAL-101 supplier and clinicians were supportive of an interactive Web application that would expand the role of pharmacists to include assistance with PEP access and patient management. Participants noted that the VPCP would facilitate communication

between pharmacists and clinicians and have potential to support adherence among patients. Pharmacists and clinicians were concerned about not having time to use the VPCP and security of patient information on the site. Pharmacist and clinician concerns informed final development of the VPCP, including Ferroptosis inhibitor review creation of a user-friendly interface, linkage to users’ e-mail accounts for timeline notification, and attention to security.

Conclusion: Use of Web-based technology to support communication between pharmacists and clinicians was seen as being a potentially feasible method for improving patient care, particularly in the delivery of PEP to drug users

and other high-risk groups. These findings highlight the need for further study of a technology-supported partnership, particularly for comanagement of patients who face challenges with adherence.”
“Magnetoresistance (MR) measurements is used to extract the electron mobility on strained and unstrained thin film fully depleted

silicon-on-insulator metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect transitors (MOSFETs) with channel length down to 40 nm, and in a wide temperature range from 300 down to 20 K. In particular ARN-509 the signature of Coulomb scattering (CS) on MR mobility is carefully studied and experimentally clarified. We demonstrate that MR mobility corrected for nonstationary effects can be extracted. The mobility data thus corrected for series resistance and ballistic effects show that an additional scattering really occurs in deep-100-nm scaled MOSFETs. This mobility degradation is effective for both strained and unstrained short channel devices, over the whole gate voltage range. The temperature and inversion carrier density dependences, as well as the analysis of the strain effect on mobility reveal a strong additional CS in short channel devices. Despite this dominant mechanism, a mobility gain as high as 50% at room temperature is still observable for strained deeply scaled MOSFETs.”
“Objectives: To describe the successes and challenges reported by current (active) and formerly practicing (inactive) CPPs and to determine the reasons why inactive CPPs discontinued advanced practice.

RESULTS: From 2004 to 2009, 4,910 patients (3,107 UW and 1,803 CS) with sufficient preservation solution information for analysis underwent OHT. Baseline characteristics were well-matched between the two groups. UW was associated Dorsomorphin concentration with a small but significantly improved survival compared with CS at 30 days (96.7% vs 95.4%, p = 0.02) and 1- year (89.6% vs 87.0%, p < 0.01). These survival differences persisted on multivariate analysis at 30 days (HR 1.47 [1.02 to 2.13], p < 0.05) and 1 year (HR 1.40 [1.14 to 1.73], p < 0.01). In the 1,455 patients with high-risk allografts, preservation with UW was associated with improved survival compared with CS at

30 days (94.3% vs 91.3%, p < 0.01) and at I year (84.2%

https://www.selleckchem.com/products/Cyt387.html vs 80.19%, p < 0.01), a difference that was significant according to multivariate Cox analysis at 30 days (HR 2.29 [1.39 to 3.76], p < 0.01) and 1 year (HR 1.61 [1.17 to 2.21], p < 0.01).

CONCLUSIONS: Preservation with UW solution is associated with improved short-term survival compared with CS. Patients undergoing OHT with high-risk allografts have a similar survival benefit. Heart Lung Transplant 2011;30:1033-43 (C) 2011 International Society for Heart and Lung Transplantation. All rights reserved.”
“Coupling luminescent solar concentrators (LSC) with plasmonic solar cells is a potential method to increase conversion efficiency while reducing cost associated with large-area photovoltaic and solar-tracking systems. Specifically, the emission spectrum of the fluorescent dye in the LSC can be matched to the absorption spectrum in the photovoltaic cell which can be tuned by surface plasmon resonance. Here we investigate

this concept employing organic solar cells with plasmonic silver nanoparticles and polymethylmethacrylate-based solar concentrators with Lumogen Red dye. The absorption enhancement is predicted by Mie theory, taking size effect on dielectric properties into consideration. A factor of two increase of conversion efficiency is obtained when the absorption peak in the solar cell GSK1120212 cell line is tuned to match the emission peak of Lumogen Red dye. A similar approach could be employed to enhance the efficiency of other LSC-photovoltaic systems including those based on silicon solar cells with different surface plasmonic nanostructures. (C) 2011 American Institute of Physics. [doi: 10.1063/1.3567928]“
“Objective. The objective of this study was to evaluate whether hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) therapy effects subjective and/or objective complaints and salivary flow rates of patients with primary Sjogren’s syndrome (PSS).

Study design. Thirty women recently diagnosed with PSS, scheduled for HCQ treatment (400 mg daily), participated and were clinically examined before initiation of 30 weeks of HCQ treatment. During baseline evaluation, both the objective and/or subjective oral findings were recorded.

5%). Prevalence of clinically relevant POP was 21%. Multivariate analysis demonstrated significantly higher odds ratios on the report of vaginal bulging, parity a parts per thousand yen2 and a mother with POP. The receiver operating characteristic curve showed areas under the curve of 0.672 and 0.640.

The prevalence of POP at or beyond the hymen could be estimated in a general female population using our prediction model with 17 questions and our POP score chart with eight questions.”
“Magnetization and Mossbauer spectroscopy measurements are performed at low temperature under high field, on

nanoparticles with a nickel ferrite core and a maghemite shell. These nanoparticles present finite size and surface effects, together with exchange anisotropy. SYN-117 mw High field magnetization brings the evidences of a monodomain ordered core and surface spins freezing in disorder at low temperature. Mossbauer spectra at 4.2 K present an extra contribution from the disordered surface which is field dependent. Field and size dependences of this latter show a progressive spin alignment along the ferrite core which is size dependent. The weak surface pinning condition of the nanoparticles

confirms that the spin disorder is localized in the external shell. The underfield decrease in the mean canting angle in the superficial shell is then directly related to the unidirectional exchange anisotropy through the interface between the ordered core and the disordered shell. The obtained anisotropy EPZ5676 ic50 field H(Ea) scales as the inverse of the nanoparticle diameter, validating its interfacial origin. The associated anisotropy constant K(Ea) equals 2.5 x 10(-4) J/m(2). (C) 2009

American Institute qf Physics. [doi: 10.1063/1.3245326]“
“The aim of the study was to determine whether successful incontinence pessary fitting or pessary size can be predicted by specific POPQ measurements in women without Crenolanib research buy advanced pelvic organ prolapse.

In a multicenter study, women with stress urinary incontinence (SUI) and POPQ stage a parts per thousand currency sign2 were randomized to three treatment arms: (1) incontinence pessary, (2) behavioral therapy, or (3) both. This study evaluates incontinence pessary size, POPQ measures, and successful fitting in the 266 women assigned to treatment arms 1 and 3.

Two hundred thirty-five women (92%) were successfully fitted with an incontinence ring (n = 122) or dish (n = 113). Hysterectomy, genital hiatus (GH), and GH/total vaginal length (TVL) ratios did not predict unsuccessful fitting (p > 0.05). However, mean TVL was greater in women successfully fitted (9.6 vs. 8.8 cm, p < 0.01). Final pessary diameter was not predicted by TVL, point D, or point C (p > 0.05).

The vast majority of women with SUI can be successfully fitted with an incontinence pessary, but specific POPQ measures were not helpful in determining incontinence pessary size.